FAQs about DSS modeling

 

There are a lot of questions and answers about DSS, as follows:

Q1: What are the key factors that affect the success of DSS molding?

A1: DSS concentration, molecular weight, administration time, animal species and feeding environment.

 

Q2: What is the volume of water to be given to rats and mice per day (including acute and chronic modeling)?

A2: 7-10 mL per day for mice (20~25 g) and 10~11 mL per day for rats (100 g).

 

Q3: DSS and TNBS are both colitis models, what is the difference between the two?

A3: DSS induces ulcerative colitis, and TNBS induces Crohn's disease colitis.

 

Q4: What is the difference between GAPDH and actin as primers?

A4: There is not much difference, GAPDH is used more, and mice are recommended to use GAPDH as an internal reference.

 

Q5: What is the reason for the high lethality rate in mice?

A5: The concentration of DSS is too high. Recommendation: Appropriately reduce the concentration of DSS administration.

 

Q6: What is the reason why mice have no symptoms of enteritis or symptoms of low enteritis?

A6: The concentration of DSS is too low, it is recommended to increase the concentration of DSS administration appropriately; Or reduce the cycle interval (10-14 days).

 

Q7: What is the reason for the large difference in enteritis symptoms in the same group of mice?

A7: Causes: 1. Clogged bottle caps, 2. Some mice do not have/drink DSS in small amounts. Suggestions: 1. Check the drinking bottle of mice every day;2. Isolate and culture each mouse separately, check the water intake of mice every day or pre-raise mice for 1-2 weeks after arrival, and eliminate mice with abnormal water intake.

 

Q8: Which part of the colon is more reliable for HE staining?

A8: Mouse anus 1-2 cm upward.

 

Q9: DSS treatment NCM460, recommended concentration for cell modeling

A9: It is recommended to incubate with 3% DSS for 24 hours.

 

Product Advantages

Yeasen Biotech provides high-quality DSS (Cat.NO: 60316ES, MW: 36000~50000), which has the following advantages:

1. The symptoms are highly similar to those of human UC: it can be used to study the mechanism and efficacy of colitis.

2. High mold forming rate: free to drink DSS aqueous solution, simple and easy to do, strong repeatability.

3. A variety of colitis models can be constructed: acute colitis, chronic colitis, and colitis-related cancer (CAC) models can also be constructed in combination with AOM.

4. Suitable for modeling a variety of animals: mice, rats, zebrafish, pigs, fruit flies, etc.

5. High safety: DSS can be degraded by natural ecosystems, which is safe for the environment;

6. High purity (>98%), sulfur content 17-19%, free sulfur <0.2%, supported by a large number of data literature, widely used in the construction of UC model;

7. Combined with the use of Azoximetana(Aum), it can be used to induce colitis-related cancer (Colidis, Asochatate Kanse, Ka) animal model, successfully simulating the process of Ibud inducing Kachi.

 

Data of clients

Case 1：

Customer: Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (Tianjin)

Mouse type: 6~8 weeks male C57BL/6J mice

Molding method: 1.5% (w/v) DSS for 15 days

Figure 1: Results of Yeasen DSS (Cat#60316ES) mouse modeling experiments (Yuan Li, et al. Gut Microbes (2019) 789-806. IF=10.245）

 

Case 2：

Customer: Nanjing Agricultural University

Mouse type: 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice weighing 20~22 g

Molding method: 3% (w/v) DSS for 7 days

Figure 2: Results of Yeasen DSS (Cat#60316ES) mouse modeling experiments (Xiaona Gao, et al. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 83 (2020) 108438. IF=6.048）

 

Published articles with our reagents (incomplete statistics)：

[1] Zhong D, Jin K, Wang R, Chen B, Zhang J, Ren C, Chen X, Lu J, Zhou M. Microalgae-Based Hydrogel for Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Its Associated Anxiety and Depression. Adv Mater. 2024 Jan 26: e2312275. doi: 10.1002/adma.202312275. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38277492.  (IF: 29.4)

[2] Li Zhao, Fei Wang,Zhengwei Cai,et al.Improving drug utilization platform with injectable mucoadhesive hydrogel for treating ulcerative colitis[J].chemical engineering journal.424(2021)130464. (IF: 16.74)

[3] Tong, L, et al. Milk-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate ulcerative colitis by regulating the gut immunity and reshaping the gut microbiota. Theranostics 2021, 11 (17), 8570-8586. DOI: 10.7150/thno.62046. (IF: 11.56)  

[4] Feng X, et al. Yeast Microcapsule Mediated Natural Products Delivery for Treating Ulcerative Colitis through Anti-Inflammatory and Regulation of Macrophage Polarization. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2022 Jul 13;14(27):31085-31098. doi: 10.1021/acsami.2c05642. Epub 2022 Jun 30. PMID: 35770618. (IF: 10.38)  

[5] Li X, et al. Discoidin domain receptor 1(DDR1) promote intestinal barrier disruption in Ulcerative Colitis through tight junction proteins degradation and epithelium apoptosis. Pharmacol Res. 2022 Sep;183:106368. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106368. Epub 2022 Jul 26. PMID: 35905891. (IF: 10.33)

[6] Jingjing Gan, et al. Orally administrated nucleotide-delivery particles from microfluidics for inflammatory bowel disease treatment. Applied Materials Today, Volume 25, 2021, 101231. (IF: 10.04)

[7] Gan J, et al. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Encapsulated Oral Microcapsules for Acute Colitis Treatment. Adv Healthc Mater. 2022 Sep;11(17):e2201105. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202201105. Epub 2022 Jun 30. PMID: 35737997. (IF: 9.93)

[8] Dong J, et al. Oral microbiota affects the efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy for colorectal cancer in mouse models. Cell Rep. 2021 Oct 26;37(4):109886. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109886. PMID: 34706245. (IF: 9.42)

[9] Li Y, et al. Gut commensal derived-valeric acid protects against radiation injuries. Gut Microbes. 2020 Jul 3;11(4):789-806. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2019.1709387. Epub 2020 Jan 13. PMID: 31931652. (IF: 7.74)

[10] Xu M, et al. Identification of Immune-Related Gene Signature and Prediction of CeRNA Network in Active Ulcerative Colitis. Front Immunol. 2022;13:855645. Published 2022 Mar 22. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.855645. (IF:7.56)

[11] Wang S, et al. Isosteviol Sodium Exerts Anti-Colitic Effects on BALB/c Mice with Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Through Metabolic Reprogramming and Immune Response Modulation. J Inflamm Res. 2021; 14:7107-7130. Published 2021 Dec 20. doi:10.2147/JIR.S344990. (IF:6.92)

[12] Liu C, et al. Angelica oil restores the intestinal barrier function by suppressing S100A8/A9 signalling in mice with ulcerative colitis. Phytomedicine. 2023; 108:154490. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154490. (IF:6.66)

[13] Wang S, et al. Isosteviol Sodium Ameliorates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Chronic Colitis through the Regulation of Metabolic Profiling, Macrophage Polarization, and NF-κB Pathway. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022;2022:4636618. Published 2022 Jan 27. doi:10.1155/2022/4636618. (IF:6.54)

[14] Li Z, et al. A tetrapeptide from maize combined with probiotics exerted strong anti-inflammatory effects and modulated gut microbiota in DSS-induced colitis mice [published online ahead of print, 2022 Nov 14]. Food Funct. 2022;10.1039/d2fo02678c. doi:10.1039/d2fo02678c. (IF:6.32)

[15] Jia X, et al. The potential mechanism of huazhuojiedu decoction in the treatment of ulcerative colitis based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:1033874. Published 2022 Oct 14. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.1033874. (IF:5.99)

[16] Luo P, et al. Central administration of human opiorphin alleviates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice through activation of the endogenous opioid system. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:904926. Published 2022 Sep 13. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.904926. (IF:5.99)

[17] Zhang K, et al. Pharmacokinetic Study of Four Major Bioactive Components of Liandan Xiaoyan Formula in Ulcerative Colitis and Control Rats Using UPLC-MS/MS. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:936846. Published 2022 Jul 4. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.936846. (IF:5.99)

[18] Yan G, et al. Immuno-PET Imaging of TNF-α in Colitis Using ⁸⁹Zr-DFO-infliximab. Mol Pharm. 2022;19(10):3632-3639. doi:10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00411. (IF:5.36)

[19] Xiong X, et al. HuanglianGanjiang Tang alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting necroptosis through vitamin D receptor. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022;298:115655. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2022.115655. (IF:5.19)

[20] Zhu Y, et al. Endometrial Regenerative Cell-Derived Exosomes Attenuate Experimental Colitis through Downregulation of Intestine Ferroptosis. Stem Cells Int. 2022;2022:3014123. Published 2022 Aug 22. doi:10.1155/2022/3014123. (IF:5.13)

 

Product Order

Product name	Catalog No.	Size	Price(＄)
Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt (DSS) MW:36000~50000	60316ES25	25 g	255
	60316ES60	100 g	755
	60316ES76	500 g	3455
	60316ES80	1 kg	6255